West Virginia Mine Wars

West Virginians are working people. The coal mining industry attracted laborers from around the globe to the plentiful jobs that existed above and below ground. Along with the jobs they relied on to support their families – miners had dreams that those jobs would be stepping stones to a path of economic independence they had not found in their native countries or states.

Far too often, mining companies in the early 20th century failed to protect the best interests of their laborers and their families. Grassroots union activity, particularly in the southern parts of the state, sparked a series of violent conflicts collectively known as the West Virginia Mine Wars.

The first wave of the Mine Wars took place in Cabin Creek and Paint Creek – with help from Mother Jones and the United Mine Workers. Over the course of 1912-1913, violence escalated until West Virginia’s governor instituted a state of martial law.

In 1920, the second wave of Mine Wars broke out in Matewan at the Battle of Blair Mountain.

This year, the West Virginia Mine Wars Museum celebrates its tenth year of preserving the legacy of West Virginia’s miners, families of miners, labor activists, and the spirit of the Mountaineer. If you’re traveling in the Matewan area, stop in and see their exhibits! To learn more about the Mine Wars, check out e-WV - Mine Wars.